Modelos Productivos de Agricultura Protegida desde la Agricultura Familiar
Resumen
La fragilidad de las cadenas agroalimentarias industriales ha quedado más que evidenciada. Fenómenos como los desastres naturales, guerras, pandemias, entre otros eventos atípicos; han puesto de manifiesto que la cadena logística larga alimentaria carece de la capacidad de adaptarse ante estos fenómenos para abastecer de alimentos de sanos y frescos, en tiempo y forma. La humanidad se encuentra ante un constante cambio en las formas y modos, de consumo. Existe una transición hacia la preferencia de consumo de productos agrícolas orgánicos, libres de agentes químicos contaminantes y que sean producidos en concordancia con el medio. En tal sentido, este documento analiza y discute el sistema de producción Agrícola Protegida desarrollada desde la Agricultura Familiar, como esquema que permite desde sus características la producción y disponibilidad de frutas y verduras durante todo el año, para autoconsumo y/o comercialización. La Agricultura Protegida mediante los modelos: microtúnel, macrotúnel, mallas sombra, mallas antiinsectos, mallas antipájaros, e invernaderos; se presentan, como una estrategia novedosa que permite controlar parte de los factores climatológicos, minimizando los impactos que los cambios medioambientales tienen sobre los cultivos, así como plagas y enfermedades. Por lo que, son una alternativa que permite atender el abastecimiento de alimentos ante fenómenos atípicos, y en el contexto transformacional actual de la sociedad y de los modos de consumo.
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